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The Jaffa Railway Station was the first railway station in the Middle East, serving as the terminus for the Jaffa–Jerusalem railway. The station was inaugurated in 1891 and closed in 1948; Between 2005 and 2009 the station was restored and converted to an entertainment and leisure venue, branded as The Station (Hatachanah). The grounds of the adjacent Israel Defense Forces History Museum are part of the historical station. ==History== (詳細はConrad Schick, Sir Moses Montefiore and others. The franchise for laying the railway was obtained from the Ottoman government by Joseph Navon, but due financial difficulties, he had to sell the franchise to a French company which was set up to build the line – the ''Société du Chemin de Fer Ottoman de Jaffa à Jérusalem et Prolongements''. The groundbreaking ceremony took place on March 31, 1890. The track was chosen to be of , similar to French minor railways, and was brought in from France and the Belgian manufacturer Angleur.〔Travis (2009), Chapter 5, pp. 33–35〕 A short gauge section, as well as a meter gauge section with a pier, was laid between the Port of Jaffa and the Jaffa Station to easily transport materials from the harbor to the railway.〔 The first test run was made on the railway in October 1890, an event that was attended by some 10,000 onlookers—more than half of the population of Jaffa. The locomotive was a Baldwin 2-6-0, one of the first three built for the line, and carried the American and French flags.〔Travis (2009), Chapter 5, pp. 35–41〕 The section between Jaffa and Ramla Railway Station was fully opened to the public on May 24, 1891, and a further section to Dayr Aban was opened on December 4 of the same year.〔 The stations were built just a short time before the track was laid in their respective areas. In Jaffa and Jerusalem, the French railway company sought to build the stations as close as possible to the old cities, while the Ottoman authorities prevented them from doing so, resulting the terminuses' relative distance (for the time) from the city centers. Despite this, the land that the stations were built on was purchased at very high prices by the railway company.〔Travis (2009), Chapter 5, pp. 42〕 In 1892, construction of the whole line from Jaffa to Jerusalem was completed. The Jerusalem Railway Station was inaugurated on 26 September 1892 in the presence of the city's dignitaries, Jews and Arabs. Among those present at the ceremony was Eliezer Ben Yehuda, the reviver of the Hebrew language, which gave the train the literal name of - ''horse of the steel'' in Hebrew as the word ''Rakevet'' had not yet been created. The length of the journey was approximately 3.5〔Merrill, (p. 300 ). Retrieved on 2009-05-01.〕–4 hours, about equal to the same trip on a carriage, and contrary to the original plan, which envisioned a 2-hour trip. Even so, Yosef Navon was granted several high-profile awards for his efforts, and the opening event received extensive media coverage worldwide.〔Travis (2009), Chapter 6, pp. 61–80〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jaffa Railway Station」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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